{"id":2637,"date":"2026-09-12T09:01:31","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T09:01:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/?p=2637"},"modified":"2026-09-12T09:01:32","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T09:01:32","slug":"pra-msh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/pra-msh\/","title":{"rendered":"Potential Amendments to the Rules Update for Magic: The Gathering | Marvel Super Heroes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(Originally published on 2026-09-12; last reviewed on 2026-09-12; last updated on 2026-09-12)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With each new set release, Wizards of the Coast update the Comprehensive Rules (CR) and the Oracle text of any number of cards. These updates include support for new mechanics, error fixes, and improvements to the wording of rules and cards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In my <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/uub-msh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">unofficial update bulletin<\/a>, I list the changes made by the <em>Magic: The Gathering | Marvel Super Heroes<\/em> update and point out issues I perceive as inelegant, unintuitive, or even faulty. Which gives the bulletin a rather negative outline, even when I factor in the things I point out as laudable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This shouldn\u2019t be seen as a slight against Wizards of the Coast or their rules team though; we just have different visions for <em>Magic<\/em>\u2019s rules system. In my mind, the rules system should strive for intuitiveness, consistency, and completeness; and while the system has never truly met these lofty goals, Wizards of the Coast shared this vision for many years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For a few years now, Wizards of the Coast\u2019s design goal for the rules system is . . . something different. I don\u2019t know what it is; I only know that it isn\u2019t intuitiveness, consistency, or completeness anymore, as evidenced by their rules updates. While this may seem like a dangerous course of action for the game\u2019s long-term success, I trust that <a href=\"https:\/\/markrosewater.tumblr.com\/post\/793533314216722432\/magic-needs-to-make-money-to-keep-being-a-thing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Wizards of the Coast don\u2019t undermine their game in this way<\/a> and I remain content in the knowledge that I simply lack the intelligence and insight to recognize their grand vision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Until they reveal their plans in an appropriately dramatic fashion, I continue to cling to my old-fashioned goal of an elegant rules system. But complaining is cheap and gets old very fast, so at some point, I started to wonder what the rules might look like had they been written with the three classic goals in mind.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The results of my musings are the Potential Rules Amendments, a counterpoint to the <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/category\/unofficial-update-bulletins\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Unofficial Update Bulletins<\/a>. What I criticize in my bulletins, I reenvision in the amendments. Where the bulletins ask questions, the amendments give an answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each section briefly recounts issues presented in my bulletin, as well as older and somewhat related issues, and what the outcome for those issues should be; I then discuss what the Comprehensive Rules and Oracle would need to consider to achieve the desired outcomes; finally, I present a sample implementation based on that discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Table of contents<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#teamwork\">Teamwork<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#heal\">Heal<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#rules-support-for-captain-america-first-avenger\">Rules support for Captain America, First Avenger<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#standardized-wording-surrounding-last-known-information\">Standardized wording surrounding last known information<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#keyword-abilities-that-become-less-special\">Keyword abilities that become less special<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#keyword-abilities-that-become-keyword-modifiers\">Keyword abilities that become keyword modifiers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#counting-main-phases\">Counting main phases<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#casting-multiple-objects-in-one-go\">Casting multiple objects in one go<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#secret-invasion\">Secret Invasion<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#miscellaneous-oracle-texts\">Miscellaneous Oracle texts<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"teamwork\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Teamwork<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In my update bulletin, I identify <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/uub-msh\/#rules-support-for-teamwork\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">two issues<\/a> with the rules for the teamwork keyword ability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fixing the issue of several nonstandard wordings in rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702194a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.194a<\/a> is straightforward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The major issue is rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702194b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.194b<\/a>\u2019s use of the phrase \u201ccast a spell\u201d for something that is <em>not<\/em> casting a spell. Taking such a basic and ubiquitous rules term and twisting it completely around is exemplary for Wizards of the Coast\u2019s current approach to rules design: it is unintuitive, inconsistent, and totally unneeded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If something checks whether an alternative or additional cost has been paid (or more precisely, whether the <em>intention<\/em> to pay that cost has been declared), the standard template is \u201cif [an object]\u2019s [cost] was paid.\u201d No mention of casting (or \u201ccasting\u201d) that object and no mention of who paid that cost. A simple and elegant template that would work perfectly for cards with teamwork: \u201cif this spell\u2019s teamwork cost was paid.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some keywords use custom terms to refer to objects for which their respective costs were paid. For example, a \u201ckicked\u201d spell is a spell for which a <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70233\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">kicker<\/a> cost was paid; other such keywords include <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702166\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">bargain<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702174\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">gift<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R7014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">behold<\/a>. Teamwork also does this, but almost every other phrase would have been better than \u201cwas cast using teamwork,\u201d such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201cif teamwork was used\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cif teamwork was performed\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cif your creatures worked as a team\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cif your creatures performed teamwork\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cif this spell was teamworked\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Take whatever phrase you like best or invent your own\u2014it\u2019s bound to be less confusing than the official one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Proposed amendments<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702194a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.194a<\/a> uses the standard templates for tapping permanents as a cost, for numeric values exceeding a specific number, and for keywords that represent a single ability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.194a Teamwork <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">represents<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">is<\/mark><\/strong> a static ability that functions while the spell with teamwork is on the stack. \u201cTeamwork N\u201d means \u201cAs an additional cost to cast this spell, you may tap any number of <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">untapped<\/mark><\/strong> creatures you control with total power N or <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">more<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">greater<\/mark><\/strong>.\u201d Paying a spell\u2019s teamwork cost follows the rules for paying additional costs in rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2f\u2013h<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Selecting the alternative term \u201cif teamwork was used,\u201d rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702194b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.194b\u2013c<\/a> become as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.194b <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Abilities may refer to a spell cast \u201cusing teamwork\u201d or similar. Such phrases refer to whether the player who cast the spell declared the intention to pay the spell\u2019s teamwork cost as they cast that spell.<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">If a spell\u2019s controller declares the intention to pay that spell\u2019s teamwork cost, \u201cteamwork was used\u201d for that spell. See rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a>.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.194c If part of a spell\u2019s ability has its effect only if teamwork was used <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">to cast it<\/mark><\/s><\/strong>, and that part of the ability includes any targets, the spell\u2019s controller chooses those targets only if teamwork was used <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">to cast<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">for<\/mark><\/strong> that spell. Otherwise, the spell is cast as if it did not have those targets. See rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2c<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The rules text of cards with teamwork changes accordingly. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSH\/en-us\/135\/hulk-smash\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">HULK SMASH!<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teamwork 4 <em>(As an additional cost to cast this spell, you may tap any number of creatures you control with total power 4 or more.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Choose one. If <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">this spell was cast using<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> teamwork <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">was used<\/mark><\/strong>, choose both instead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">* Destroy target noncreature artifact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">* Target creature you control deals damage equal to its power to target creature an opponent controls.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSH\/en-us\/15\/helicarrier-strike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Helicarrier Strike<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teamwork 2 <em>(As an additional cost to cast this spell, you may tap any number of creatures you control with total power 2 or more.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Helicarrier Strike deals 2 damage to target attacking or blocking creature. If <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">this spell was cast using<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> teamwork <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">was used<\/mark><\/strong>, it deals 4 damage to that creature instead.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The rules text of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/635\/quantum-reduction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Quantum Reduction<\/a> in particular changes to better match the standard template for pseudo-flash abilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teamwork 2 <em>(As an additional cost to cast this spell, you may tap any number of creatures you control with total power 2 or more.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You may cast this spell as though it had flash if <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">it&#8217;s cast using teamwork<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">you use teamwork<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enchant creature<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enchanted creature gets -5\/-0 and loses all abilities.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"heal\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Heal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In my <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/uub-msh\/#rules-support-for-heal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">update bulletin<\/a>, I note that the rules entry for heal doesn\u2019t follow the standard template for damage marked on a permanent. This should be corrected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">701.69a To heal damage already dealt to a permanent, remove <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">that marked<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">the<\/mark><\/strong> damage <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">from<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">marked on<\/mark><\/strong> that permanent. If an effect states that damage already dealt to a permanent \u201cis healed,\u201d that permanent\u2019s controller removes all <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">marked<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> damage <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">from<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">marked on<\/mark><\/strong> that permanent.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"rules-support-for-captain-america-first-avenger\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rules support for Captain America, First Avenger<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In my update bulletin, I identify <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/uub-msh\/#attempted-rules-support-for-captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">an issue<\/a> with the new rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6015\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.5<\/a>. Namely, the rule doesn\u2019t do anything, least of all enable the activation of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America, First Avenger<\/a>\u2019s first ability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In their official update bulletin, Wizards of the Coast voice the opinion that this rule should support <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a>\u2019s ability but state that the rule\u2019s actual text overrides that opinion. I fully agree with them in this matter: <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a>\u2019s ability should function as one intuitively thinks it does. So, how to accomplish this?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As I discuss in my update bulletin, rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6015\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.5<\/a> allows the player who activates the ability to consider their future choice of what Equipment to unattach; however, it doesn\u2019t allow them to use that choice in any way, so the amount of damage to be divided remains undetermined and no legal division can be announced <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R1072\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">[CR 107.2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">[CR 601.2d]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The information gained from considering the future choices should also be used to determine the amount of damage. Rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.4<\/a> already does this for modes and additional costs: the normal order as per rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a> is to announce modes, then to announce additional costs. Some spells though allow their controller to choose a different number of modes if they choose a specific additional cost; in those cases, rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.4<\/a> allows the spell\u2019s controller to consider what additional costs they may announce afterward and to choose modes as if they had already chosen those costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I also discuss in my update bulletin how a simple adaptation of rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.4<\/a> for <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a>\u2019s ability would make that ability much more powerful than intended (and similarly unintuitive). If <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a> was equipped by multiple Equipment with different mana values, the player activating the ability could determine and divide damage based on one Equipment\u2019s mana value, but later unattach an Equipment with a different mana value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.4<\/a>, considering the future choices and simply acting as though they had been chosen works because both choices occur before the final legality check described in rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2e<\/a>. If a player chooses additional modes but then declines the additional cost that would enable that choice, the legality check fails and the casting process is aborted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the case of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a>\u2019s ability, however, the second choice occurs after the final legality check. If the player considers the future choice of unattaching the Equipment with the highest mana value and divides damage based on that choice, the legality check succeeds. After that, the player determines the ability\u2019s total cost. That cost includes \u201cunattach an Equipment from <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a>,\u201d with no restriction on the Equipment\u2019s mana value, and this hypothetical version of rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6015\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.5<\/a> wouldn\u2019t add such a restriction to the cost. As such, the player could unattach any Equipment from <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a>, even one with a mana value of 0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So, the considered choice must also be enforced afterward. Alternatively, the choice could be moved forward to the point where it needs to be considered; the choice is actually made at that point, and everything that relies on that choice can then proceed with clearly defined values. Which is what similar scenarios already do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a> includes announcing or determining the value of X, but the text of a small number of cards defines X based on a future choice. In those cases, rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a> states that the choice is done as part of determining the value of X, rather than at its normal time. This can be something minor like choosing a target a step earlier, or it could be something that would happen only during resolution, in the case of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/CN2\/en-us\/62\/caller-of-the-untamed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Caller of the Untamed<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An erratum to <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a>\u2019s rules text could make this part of rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a> apply to it:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Throw . . .<\/em> &#8211; {3}, Unattach an Equipment <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">with mana value X<\/mark><\/strong> from Captain America: He deals <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">X<\/mark><\/strong> damage <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">equal to that Equipment&#8217;s mana value<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> divided as you choose among one, two, or three targets.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With that text, the cost would involve an X and the ability\u2019s controller would have to determine the value of X as per rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a>. Since that value would depend on the unattached Equipment, the player would have to choose an Equipment as part of that determination. With the value of X determined, dividing that much damage wouldn\u2019t cause any issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the plus side, the erratum would result in shorter rules text. However, this would resolve only the issue with <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a>, while rewriting rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6015\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.5<\/a> future-proofs all cards of this kind. Also, according to Wizards of the Coast, <em>Magic<\/em> fans have a hard time grasping the concept of the variable X, so adding more X\u2019s to cards might not be the best idea. Then again, Marvel fans should be uniquely positioned to understand anything X; on the other hand, the license agreement with Marvel may forbid Wizards of the Coast from putting X\u2019s on Avengers-themed cards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">All in all, this erratum is not the best solution, so back to choices made earlier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keywords like <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702180\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">harmonize<\/a> also use this principle. These keywords involve an alternative or additional cost that reduces the total cost of a spell based on the object used to pay that cost. Here, the choice is needed while determining the total cost but that choice would only be made while actually paying that cost. To solve this issue, the keywords\u2019 rules entries have the spell\u2019s controller choose the permanent while announcing the alternative or additional cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a future choice is needed in the present, making that choice now seems simpler and more elegant than identifying possible results of the choice done in the future, selecting one of those results, and acting in the belief that it will eventually occur. So, that is what a rule supporting <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a> should look like. Rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.4<\/a> could be streamlined in the same way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is also a great opportunity to reorganize those rules. With <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAR\/en-us\/88\/captain-america-first-avenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Captain America<\/a>, there are now three separate rules that handle different variations of future choices: the sentence buried in <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a>, rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.4<\/a>, and the new rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6015\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.5<\/a>. At three parts, bundling them together under a single rule seems justified.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Last but not least, I wonder if it\u2019s possible to eliminate rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.4<\/a> altogether by moving alternative and additional costs before modes in rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a>. Off the top of my head, I don\u2019t recall any card where choosing a specific mode unlocks an alternative or additional cost. The keywords <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70242\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">entwine<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702120\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">escalate<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702172\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">spree<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702183\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">tiered<\/a> all rely on the current order; rewriting the definitions of the first two should be easy, but the custom costs of the latter two make an elegant rewrite difficult. Maybe rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a> could be rewritten to allow modes, alternative costs, and additional costs in any order. This requires some more thoughts, so I won\u2019t incorporate this into the amendments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Proposed amendments<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2b<\/a> becomes slightly shorter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">601.2b If the spell is modal, the player announces the mode choice (see rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R7002\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">700.2<\/a>). If the player wishes to splice any cards onto the spell (see rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70247\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.47<\/a>), they reveal those cards in their hand. If the spell has alternative or additional costs that will be paid as it\u2019s being cast such as buyback or kicker costs (see rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R1188\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">118.8<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R1189\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">118.9<\/a>), the player announces their intentions to pay any or all of those costs (see rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2f<\/a>). A player can\u2019t apply two alternative methods of casting or two alternative costs to a single spell. If the spell has a variable cost that will be paid as it\u2019s being cast (such as an {X} in its mana cost; see rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R1073\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">107.3<\/a>), the player announces the value of that variable. <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">If the value of that variable is defined in the text of the spell by a choice that player would make later in the announcement or resolution of the spell, that player makes that choice at this time instead of that later time.<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> If a cost that will be paid as the spell is being cast includes hybrid mana symbols, the player announces the nonhybrid equivalent cost they intend to pay. If a cost that will be paid as the spell is being cast includes Phyrexian mana symbols, the player announces whether they intend to pay 2 life or a corresponding colored mana cost for each of those symbols. Previously made choices (such as choosing to cast a spell with flashback from a graveyard or choosing to cast a creature with morph face down) may restrict the player\u2019s options when making these choices.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The removed sentence and rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.4<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6015\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.5<\/a> become subrules of a new rule 601.4; subsequent rules are renumbered accordingly. (A clean version is found directly below.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color\">601.4 While casting a spell, some options may be available to a player only if other choices are made that would normally be made later in the casting or resolving of that spell. Similarly, a step may involve a variable whose value is defined by a choice that would normally be made later in the casting or resolving of that spell.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">601.4a If <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">the spell has a variable cost and the spell\u2019s controller needs to announce the value of that variable as described in rule 601.2b,<\/mark><\/strong> the value <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">of that variable is<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">may be<\/mark><\/strong> defined in the text of the spell by a choice that player would <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">normally<\/mark><\/strong> make <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">later in the announcement or resolution of the spell,<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">at a later time. In that case,<\/mark><\/strong> that player makes that choice <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">at this time<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">before announcing the value<\/mark><\/strong> <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">instead of<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">rather than at<\/mark><\/strong> that later time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">601.4b While announcing the choices of any modes, alternative costs, and\/or additional costs as described in rule 601.2b, some options may be available to a player only if other choices are made that would normally be made later in that rule\u2019s instructions. In that case, <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">the spell\u2019s controller may consider any other choices to be made in that step. If any such choices could allow them to choose a particular mode, alternative cost, or additional cost, they may do so<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">those other choices are made first<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Example:<\/em><\/strong><em> Inscription of Abundance is a modal spell with kicker and the text \u201cChoose one. If this spell was kicked, choose any number instead.\u201d <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">When announcing the chosen modes for<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">While proposing<\/mark><\/strong> the spell, its controller <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">may choose any number of modes, even though choosing<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">chooses<\/mark><\/strong> to pay the kicker cost <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">is normally done later in the announcement process<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">before choosing modes<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">601.4c While announcing the choices of any targets and\/or the division or distribution of any effects as described in rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2c\u2013d<\/a>, some options may be available to a player only if other choices are made <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">later in spellcasting process<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">that would normally be made at a later time<\/mark><\/strong>. In that case, <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">the spell\u2019s controller may consider any other choices to be made during that process, including the choice of any objects that may be used to pay costs for that spell<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">those other choices are made before announcing the original choices rather than at that later time<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A clean version for ease of reading:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">601.4 While casting a spell, some options may be available to a player only if other choices are made that would normally be made later in the casting or resolving of that spell. Similarly, a step may involve a variable whose value is defined by a choice that would normally be made later in the casting or resolving of that spell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">601.4a If the spell has a variable cost and the spell\u2019s controller needs to announce the value of that variable as described in rule 601.2b, the value may be defined in the text of the spell by a choice that player would normally make at a later time. In that case, that player makes that choice before announcing the value rather than at that later time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">601.4b While announcing the choices of any modes, alternative costs, and\/or additional costs as described in rule 601.2b, some options may be available to a player only if other choices are made that would normally be made later in that rule\u2019s instructions. In that case, those other choices are made first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Example:<\/em><\/strong><em> Inscription of Abundance is a modal spell with kicker and the text \u201cChoose one. If this spell was kicked, choose any number instead.\u201d While proposing the spell, its controller chooses to pay the kicker cost before choosing modes.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">601.4c While announcing the choices of any targets and\/or the division or distribution of any effects as described in rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6012c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">601.2c\u2013d<\/a>, some options may be available to a player only if other choices are made that would normally be made at a later time. In that case, those other choices are made before announcing the original choices rather than at that later time.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"standardized-wording-surrounding-last-known-information\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Standardized wording surrounding last known information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the <em>Magic: The Gathering | Marvel Super Heroes<\/em> update, rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6082b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">608.2b<\/a> is the only remaining rule that invokes last known information for objects that \u201chave changed zones\u201d rather than for objects that \u201care no longer in the zone they are expected to be in.\u201d For consistency, this rule should follow suit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">608.2b If the spell or ability specifies targets, it checks whether the targets are still legal. A target that\u2019s no longer in the zone it was in when it was targeted is illegal. Other changes to the game state may cause a target to no longer be legal; for example, its characteristics may have changed or an effect may have changed the text of the spell. If the source of an ability <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">has left the zone it was in<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">is no longer in the zone it\u2019s expected to be in<\/mark><\/strong>, its last known information is used during this process. If all its targets, for every instance of the word \u201ctarget,\u201d are now illegal, the spell or ability doesn\u2019t resolve. It\u2019s removed from the stack and, if it\u2019s a spell, put into its owner\u2019s graveyard. Otherwise, the spell or ability will resolve normally. Illegal targets, if any, won\u2019t be affected by parts of a resolving spell\u2019s effect for which they\u2019re illegal. Other parts of the effect for which those targets are not illegal may still affect them. If the spell or ability creates any continuous effects that affect game rules (see rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R61311\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">613.11<\/a>), those effects don\u2019t apply to illegal targets. If part of the effect requires information about an illegal target, it fails to determine any such information. Any part of the effect that requires that information won\u2019t happen.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Due to the update, I noticed that rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70144c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">701.44c<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70150b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">701.50b<\/a> use last known information to determine \u201cwhich object\u201d explored or connived. These statements are a bit paradoxical: if the object is yet to be determined, how can I know what its last known information is? And if I know the object\u2019s last known information, why would I still need to determine that object?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most likely, these rules want to use the object\u2019s last known information to determine <em>its characteristic values<\/em>, such as its card types. So, rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70144c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">701.44c<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70150b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">701.50b<\/a> should say exactly that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">701.44c If a permanent is no longer on the battlefield as an effect instructs it to explore, its last known information is used to determine <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">which<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">the characteristics of the<\/mark><\/strong> object <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">that<\/mark><\/strong> explored and who controlled it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">701.50b If a permanent is no longer on the battlefield as an effect instructs it to connive, its last known information is used to determine <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">which<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">the characteristics of the<\/mark><\/strong> object <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">that<\/mark><\/strong> connived and who controlled it.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"keyword-abilities-that-become-less-special\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Keyword abilities that become less special<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After the <em>Magic: The Gathering | Marvel Super Heroes<\/em> update, rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70222b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.22b<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R7193\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">719.3<\/a> still refer to select keyword abilities as \u201cspecial\u201d abilities. For consistency, these rules should follow the rules changed by the update. (Rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R7193\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">719.3<\/a> also features amendments from the <a href=\"#keyword-abilities-that-become-keyword-modifiers\">keyword abilities that become keyword modifiers<\/a> section.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.22b \u201cBands with other\u201d is a <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">special form<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">variant<\/mark><\/strong> of <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">the<\/mark><\/strong> banding <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">ability<\/mark><\/strong>. If an effect causes a permanent to lose banding, the permanent loses all \u201cbands with other\u201d abilities as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">719.3. Case cards have two <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">special<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> keyword<strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">s<\/mark><\/strong> <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">abilities<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> that appear before a long dash <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">and represent a triggered ability and an ability that may be static, triggered, or activated<\/mark><\/s><\/strong>. <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">The first is a triggered ability. The second is followed by a static ability, a triggered ability, or an activated ability and modifies that ability.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Relatedly, some rules that define variants of keyword abilities deviate slightly from the standard template. These become aligned with that template.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.19c Trample over planeswalkers is a variant of <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">the<\/mark><\/strong> trample <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">ability<\/mark><\/strong> that modifies the rules for assigning combat damage to planeswalkers. The controller of a creature with trample over planeswalkers assigns that creature\u2019s combat damage as described in rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70219b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.19b<\/a>, with one exception. If that creature is attacking a planeswalker, after lethal damage is assigned to all blocking creatures and damage at least equal to the loyalty of the planeswalker the creature is attacking is assigned to that planeswalker, further excess damage may be assigned as the attacking creature\u2019s controller chooses among those blocking creatures, that planeswalker, and that planeswalker\u2019s controller. When checking for assigned damage equal to a planeswalker\u2019s loyalty, take into account damage from other creatures that\u2019s being assigned during the same combat damage step, but not any abilities or effects that might change the amount of damage that\u2019s actually dealt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.82c Devour [quality] is a variant of <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">the<\/mark><\/strong> devour <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">ability<\/mark><\/strong>. \u201cDevour [quality] N\u201d means \u201cAs this object enters, you may sacrifice any number of [quality] permanents. This permanent enters with N +1\/+1 counters on it for each permanent sacrificed this way.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.119b Emerge from [quality] is a variant of <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">the<\/mark><\/strong> emerge <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">ability<\/mark><\/strong>. \u201cEmerge from [quality] [cost]\u201d means \u201cYou may cast this spell by paying [cost] and sacrificing a [quality] permanent rather than paying its mana cost\u201d and \u201cIf you pay this spell\u2019s emerge cost, its total cost is reduced by an amount of generic mana equal to the sacrificed permanent\u2019s mana value.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Finally, two glossary entries get de-specialized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#banding_bands_with_other\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Banding, \u201cBands with Other\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Banding is a keyword ability that modifies the rules for declaring attackers and assigning combat damage. \u201cBands with other\u201d is a <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">specialized version<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">variant<\/mark><\/strong> of the ability. See rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70222\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.22<\/a>, \u201cBanding.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#partner_partner--_text_partner_with_name\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Partner, \u201cPartner\u2014[text],\u201d \u201cPartner with [name]\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A keyword ability that lets two legendary cards be your commander in the Commander variant rather than one. \u201cPartner with [name]\u201d is a <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">specialized version<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">variant<\/mark><\/strong> of the ability that works even outside of the Commander variant to help two cards reach the battlefield together. See rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702124\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.124<\/a>, \u201cPartner,\u201d and rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R903\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">903<\/a>, \u201cCommander.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"keyword-abilities-that-become-keyword-modifiers\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Keyword abilities that become keyword modifiers<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In my update bulletin, I identify <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/uub-msh\/#keyword-abilities-that-become-keyword-modifiers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">two issues<\/a> with the keyword abilities that were changed to keyword modifiers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One issue is that their rules entries use \u201crules\u201d when they mean activation instructions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second issue are similar keywords that have remained keyword abilities, namely forecast and solved. For consistency, those keywords should also become modifiers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For completion\u2019s sake, a new subrule that properly defines the modified ability as a [keyword] ability should be added to each keyword modifier\u2019s rules entry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Proposed amendments<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In boast\u2019s rules entry, the text of subrule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702142a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.142a<\/a> gets corrected. Subrule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702142b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.142b<\/a> properly defines the term \u201cboast ability.\u201d (The current text doesn\u2019t cover cards like <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/KHM\/en-us\/137\/frenzied-raider\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Frenzied Raider<\/a> where \u201cboast ability\u201d appears in a trigger event rather than an effect.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.142. Boast<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.142a Boast is a keyword that adds additional <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">rules<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">activation instructions<\/mark><\/strong> to the activated ability that follows it. \u201cBoast \u2014 [Cost]: [Effect]\u201d means \u201c[Cost]: [Effect]. Activate only if this creature attacked this turn and only once each turn.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.142b <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Effects may refer to boast abilities<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">An ability modified by the boast keyword is a boast ability<\/mark><\/strong>. If an effect refers to a creature boasting, it means its boast ability being activated.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In exhaust\u2019s rules entry, the text of subrule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702177a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.177a<\/a> gets corrected. A new subrule 702.177b properly defines the term \u201cexhaust ability\u201d; the existing subrule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702177b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.177b<\/a> is renumbered accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.177. Exhaust<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.177a Exhaust is a keyword that adds additional <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">rules<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">activation instructions<\/mark><\/strong> to the activated ability that follows it. \u201cExhaust \u2014 [Cost]: [Effect]\u201d means \u201c[Cost]: [Effect]. Activate only once.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color\">702.177b An ability modified by the exhaust keyword is an exhaust ability.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In power-up\u2019s rules entry, the text of subrule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702193a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.193a<\/a> gets corrected. A new subrule 702.193b properly defines the term \u201cpower-up ability\u201d; the existing subrule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R702193b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.193b<\/a> is renumbered accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.193. Power-up<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.193a Power-up is a keyword that adds additional <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">rules<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">activation instructions<\/mark><\/strong> to the activated ability that follows it. \u201cPower-up \u2014 [Cost]: [Effect]\u201d means \u201c[Cost]: [Effect]. If this permanent entered this turn, this ability\u2019s cost is reduced by this permanent\u2019s mana cost. Activate this ability only once.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color\">702.193b An ability modified by the power-up keyword is a power-up ability.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The forecast keyword becomes a modifier; the modifications move from subrule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70257b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.57b<\/a> to subrule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70257a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.57a<\/a>. A new subrule 702.57b properly defines the term \u201cforecast ability\u201d; the existing subrule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70257b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">702.57b<\/a> is renumbered accordingly. (A clean version is found below.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.57 Forecast<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.57a <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">A forecast ability<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">Forecast<\/mark><\/strong> is <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">an activated ability<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">a keyword<\/mark><\/strong> that <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">can be activated only from a player\u2019s hand<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">adds additional activation instructions to the activated ability that follows it<\/mark><\/strong>. <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">It\u2019s written<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> \u201cForecast \u2014 <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">[Activated ability]<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">[Cost]: [Effect]<\/mark><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">.<\/mark><\/s><\/strong>\u201d <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">means \u201c[Cost]: [Effect]. Activate only during your upkeep and only once each turn.\u201d<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color\">702.57b An ability modified by the forecast keyword is a forecast ability.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.57<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">b<\/mark><\/s><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">c<\/mark><\/strong> <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">A forecast ability may be activated only during the upkeep step of the card\u2019s owner and only once each turn.<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> The controller of the forecast ability reveals the card with that ability from their hand as the ability is activated. That player plays with that card revealed in their hand until it leaves the player\u2019s hand or until a step or phase that isn\u2019t an upkeep step begins, whichever comes first.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A clean version for ease of reading:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.57 Forecast<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.57a Forecast is a keyword that adds additional activation instructions to the activated ability that follows it. \u201cForecast \u2014 [Cost]: [Effect]\u201d means \u201c[Cost]: [Effect]. Activate only during your upkeep and only once each turn.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.57b An ability modified by the forecast keyword is a forecast ability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.57c The controller of the forecast ability reveals the card with that ability from their hand as the ability is activated. That player plays with that card revealed in their hand until it leaves the player\u2019s hand or until a step or phase that isn\u2019t an upkeep step begins, whichever comes first.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The solved keyword becomes a modifier. A new subrule 702.169b properly defines the term \u201csolved ability\u201d; existing subrules are renumbered accordingly. (A clean version is found below. Rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R7193\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">719.3<\/a> also features an amendment from the <a href=\"#keyword-abilities-that-become-less-special\">keyword abilities that become less special<\/a> section.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169. Solved<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169a Solved is a keyword <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">ability<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> found on Case cards. See rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R719\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">719<\/a>, \u201cCase Cards.\u201d <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201c<\/mark><\/s><\/strong>Solved<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201d<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> is followed by <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">ability text. Together, they represent<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> a static ability, a triggered ability, or an activated ability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color\">702.169b An ability modified by the solved keyword is a solved ability.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">b<\/mark><\/s><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">c<\/mark><\/strong> <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">For<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">If followed by<\/mark><\/strong> a static ability, <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">solved adds additional text to that ability.<\/mark><\/strong> \u201cSolved \u2014 [<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Ability text<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">Static ability<\/mark><\/strong>]\u201d means \u201cAs long as this Case is solved, [<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">ability text<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">static ability<\/mark><\/strong>].\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">c<\/mark><\/s><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">d<\/mark><\/strong> <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">For<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">If followed by<\/mark><\/strong> a triggered ability, <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">solved adds additional instructions to that ability.<\/mark><\/strong> \u201cSolved \u2014 [<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Ability text<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">Triggered ability<\/mark><\/strong>]\u201d means \u201c[<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Ability text<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">Triggered ability<\/mark><\/strong>]. This ability triggers only if this Case is solved.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">d<\/mark><\/s><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">e<\/mark><\/strong> <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">For<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">If followed by<\/mark><\/strong> an activated ability, <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">solved adds additional activation instructions to that ability.<\/mark><\/strong> \u201cSolved \u2014 [<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Ability text<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">Activated ability<\/mark><\/strong>]\u201d means \u201c[<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Ability text<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">Activated ability<\/mark><\/strong>]. Activate only if this Case is solved.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">719.3. Case cards have two <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">special<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> keyword<strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">s<\/mark><\/strong> <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">abilities<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> that appear before a long dash <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">and represent a triggered ability and an ability that may be static, triggered, or activated<\/mark><\/s><\/strong>. <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">The first is a triggered ability. The second is followed by a static ability, a triggered ability, or an activated ability and modifies that ability.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A clean version for ease of reading:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169. Solved<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169a Solved is a keyword found on Case cards. See rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R719\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">719<\/a>, \u201cCase Cards.\u201d Solved is followed by a static ability, a triggered ability, or an activated ability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169b An ability modified by the solved keyword is a solved ability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169c If followed by a static ability, solved adds additional text to that ability. \u201cSolved \u2014 [Static ability]\u201d means \u201cAs long as this Case is solved, [static ability].\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169d If followed by a triggered ability, solved adds additional instructions to that ability. \u201cSolved \u2014 [Triggered ability]\u201d means \u201c[Triggered ability]. This ability triggers only if this Case is solved.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">702.169e If followed by an activated ability, solved adds additional activation instructions to that ability. \u201cSolved \u2014 [Activated ability]\u201d means \u201c[Activated ability]. Activate only if this Case is solved.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">719.3. Case cards have two keywords that appear before a long dash. The first is a triggered ability. The second is followed by a static ability, a triggered ability, or an activated ability and modifies that ability.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"counting-main-phases\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Counting main phases<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the <em>Magic: The Gathering | Marvel Super Heroes<\/em> update, rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R5051b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">505.1b<\/a> has no clear referent for \u201cthat text\u201d anymore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Also, this update made me notice that rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R5051b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">505.1b<\/a> uses the nonbo of \u201csuch as\u201d plus \u201cand so on\u201d: the first phrase means that the listed things are merely examples of a larger set, while the second one includes all other things in that set, meaning the list is complete. Only one phrase should be used. Two other rules also have this issue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">505.1b Phrases such as \u201cfirst main phase<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">,<\/mark><\/s><\/strong>\u201d <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">or<\/mark><\/strong> \u201csecond main phase<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">,<\/mark><\/s><\/strong>\u201d <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">and so on<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> count the number of main phases that have occurred only in the current turn unless <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">that text<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">the phrase<\/mark><\/strong> specifies otherwise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">109.3. An object\u2019s characteristics are name, mana cost, color, color indicator, card type, subtype, supertype, rules text, abilities, power, toughness, loyalty, defense, hand modifier, and life modifier. Objects can have some or all of these characteristics. Any other information about an object isn\u2019t a characteristic. For example, characteristics don\u2019t include whether a permanent is tapped, a spell\u2019s target, an object\u2019s owner or controller, <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">or<\/mark><\/strong> what an Aura enchants<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">, and so on<\/mark><\/s><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">800.5. Unless a chosen variant or option prescribes otherwise, seating order is determined by any mutually agreeable method. For example, players could agree to remain where they were before the game began<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">,<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">or<\/mark><\/strong> roll dice to determine seating order<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">, and so on<\/mark><\/s><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"casting-multiple-objects-in-one-go\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Casting multiple objects in one go<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <em>Magic: The Gathering | Marvel Super Heroes<\/em> update introduces a reminder rule numbered <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R70712a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">707.12a<\/a>. That rule states explicitly that a player who may cast a number of copies of objects may cast any number of those copies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In my <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/uub-msh\/#casting-a-copy-is-optional\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">update bulletin<\/a>, I discuss how this outcome follows from rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6082f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">608.2f<\/a>. Since objects can be cast only one at a time, this rule applies and allows the affected player to make an individual decision for each object; this holds true for both cards and copies of objects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While researching this subject, I noticed that rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6082f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">608.2f<\/a> may impose an order on casting the objects: if the objects aren\u2019t all controlled by the same player (which for these scenarios means being owned by the same player, as per rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R1084a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">108.4a<\/a>), the objects must be cast in APNAP order. This affects cards such as <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/RTR\/en-us\/44\/jace-architect-of-thought\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Jace, Architect of Thought<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/RIX\/en-us\/100\/etali-primal-storm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Etali, Primal Storm<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I always thought that the cards could be cast in any order (and before the introduction of rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6082f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">608.2f<\/a>, this was arguably the case), so discovering this rules interaction was a nice surprise for me. The actual outcome isn\u2019t intuitive though, so an exception to rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6082f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">608.2f<\/a> seems in order.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">My second discovery was that melded permanents and merged permanents have specific rules that override the standard behavior of \u201cmay cast any number.\u201d Rules <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R71221c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">712.21c<\/a> for melded permanents and <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R7303c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">730.3c<\/a> for merged permanents state that, if something removes such a permanent from the battlefield and performs an action on the new objects, the same action must be performed on each of the objects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This affects merged permanents exiled by the ability granted by <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MKM\/en-us\/200\/etrata-deadly-fugitive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Etrata, Deadly Fugitive<\/a>, as well as any melded or merged permanent that becomes a copy of a Siege and has its intrinsic Siege ability resolve. In all those cases, the affected player must choose to cast either all the cards or none of them. (And if one of the former components happens to be a token, casting nothing is the only option.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While the all-or-nothing approach makes sense for many actions, casting spells doesn\u2019t look like one of them. It doesn\u2019t seem intuitive, and in general, Wizards of the Coast shy away from forcing players to cast spells. As such, another exception would be in order.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Besides making \u201cplay any number in any order\u201d the universal approach, this amendment should also standardize the Oracle text of a couple of cards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Proposed amendments<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since there are three different rules whose functionalities should change in identical ways, I opt for new subrules for the cast and play actions that fully detail the desired behavior; the three rules then refer to these new rules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The new subrule in cast\u2019s rules entry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color\">701.5c If an instruction of a resolving spell or ability allows a player to cast multiple objects during that spell or ability\u2019s resolution, that player may choose individually, for each of those objects, whether to cast it. That player may cast those objects in any order.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The new subrule in play\u2019s rules entry; subsequent subrules are renumbered accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color\">701.18c If an instruction of a resolving spell or ability allows a player to play multiple objects during that spell or ability\u2019s resolution, that player may choose individually, for each of those objects, whether to play it. That player may play those objects in any order.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The three rules whose functionality is changed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">608.2f Some spells and abilities include actions taken on multiple players and\/or objects. In most cases, each such action is processed simultaneously. If the action can\u2019t be processed simultaneously, it\u2019s instead processed considering each affected player or object individually. APNAP order is used to make the primary determination of the order of those actions <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">unless they involve playing or casting objects<\/mark><\/strong>.<strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\"> (See rules 701.5c and 701.18c.)<\/mark><\/strong> Secondarily, if the action is to be taken on both a player and an object they control or on multiple objects controlled by the same player, the player who controls the resolving spell or ability chooses the relative order of those actions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">712.21c If an effect can find the new object that a melded permanent becomes as it leaves the battlefield, it finds both cards. (See rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R4007\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">400.7<\/a>.) If that effect causes actions to be taken upon those cards, the same actions are taken upon each of them <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">unless the action is playing or casting them<\/mark><\/strong>.<strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\"> (See rules 701.5c and 701.18c.)<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">730.3c If an effect can find the new object that a merged permanent becomes as it leaves the battlefield, it finds all of those objects. (See rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R4007\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">400.7<\/a>.) If that effect causes actions to be taken upon those objects, the same actions are taken upon each of them <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">unless the action is playing or casting them<\/mark><\/strong>.<strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\"> (See rules 701.5c and 701.18c.)<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Next are Oracle text updates for cards that are missing an \u201cany number\u201d or something similar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two cards allow a player to cast multiple copies of a card without saying \u201cany number.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/M14\/en-us\/132\/chandra-pyromaster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Chandra, Pyromaster<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">+1: Chandra deals 1 damage to target player or planeswalker and 1 damage to up to one target creature that player or that planeswalker&#8217;s controller controls. That creature can&#8217;t block this turn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">0: Exile the top card of your library. You may play it this turn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u22127: Exile the top ten cards of your library. Choose an instant or sorcery card exiled this way and copy it three times. You may cast <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">any number of<\/mark><\/strong> the copies without paying their mana costs.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/CMR\/en-us\/82\/mnemonic-deluge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Mnemonic Deluge<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exile target instant or sorcery card from a graveyard. Copy that card three times. You may cast <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">any number of<\/mark><\/strong> the copies without paying their mana costs. Exile Mnemonic Deluge.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Four cards allow a player to play or cast a number of objects without saying \u201cany number.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/RTR\/en-us\/44\/jace-architect-of-thought\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Jace, Architect of Thought<\/a> (For space reasons, this might be shortened to \u201cYou may cast <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">any number of<\/mark><\/strong> those cards.\u201d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">+1: Until your next turn, whenever a creature an opponent controls attacks, it gets -1\/-0 until end of turn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u22122: Reveal the top three cards of your library. An opponent separates those cards into two piles. Put one pile into your hand and the other on the bottom of your library in any order.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u22128: For each player, search that player&#8217;s library for a nonland card and exile it, then that player shuffles. You may cast <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">any number of spells from among<\/mark><\/strong> those cards without paying their mana costs.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/RTR\/en-us\/159\/epic-experiment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Epic Experiment<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exile the top X cards of your library. You may cast <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">any number of<\/mark><\/strong> instant and sorcery spells with mana value X or less from among them without paying their mana costs. Then put all cards exiled this way that weren&#8217;t cast into your graveyard.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/IKO\/en-us\/185\/emergent-ultimatum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Emergent Ultimatum<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Search your library for up to three monocolored cards with different names and exile them. An opponent chooses one of those cards. Shuffle that card into your library. You may cast <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">any number of spells from among<\/mark><\/strong> the other cards without paying their mana costs. Exile Emergent Ultimatum.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/AFR\/en-us\/620\/dungeon-of-the-mad-mage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Dungeon of the Mad Mage<\/a> (For space reasons, this might be shortened to \u201cYou may play <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">them<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">one or both<\/mark><\/strong>.\u201d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yawning Portal &#8211; You gain 1 life. <em>(Leads to: Dungeon Level)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dungeon Level &#8211; Scry 1. <em>(Leads to: Goblin Bazaar, Twisted Caverns)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Goblin Bazaar &#8211; Create a Treasure token. <em>(Leads to: Lost Level)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Twisted Caverns &#8211; Target creature can&#8217;t attack until your next turn. <em>(Leads to: Lost Level)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lost Level &#8211; Scry 2. <em>(Leads to: Runestone Caverns, Muiral&#8217;s Graveyard)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Runestone Caverns &#8211; Exile the top two cards of your library. You may play <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">any number of<\/mark><\/strong> them. <em>(Leads to: Deep Mines)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Muiral&#8217;s Graveyard &#8211; Create two 1\/1 black Skeleton creature tokens. <em>(Leads to: Deep Mines)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deep Mines &#8211; Scry 3. <em>(Leads to: Mad Wizard&#8217;s Lair)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mad Wizard&#8217;s Lair &#8211; Draw three cards and reveal them. You may cast one of them without paying its mana cost.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two cards allow a player to play lands and cast spells from among a number of objects without saying \u201cany number.\u201d This requires a slightly bigger rewrite than the other cards, but still nothing complicated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/ALA\/en-us\/159\/brilliant-ultimatum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Brilliant Ultimatum<\/a> (This brings the Oracle text closer to the printed text, which should bring joy to <a href=\"https:\/\/magic.wizards.com\/en\/news\/announcements\/marvel-super-heroes-update-bulletin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">rules entity Eric<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exile the top five cards of your library. An opponent separates those cards into two piles. You may play <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">lands and cast spells<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">any number of cards<\/mark><\/strong> from one of those piles<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">. If you cast a spell this way, you cast it<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> without paying <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">its mana cost<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">their mana costs<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/BRO\/en-us\/95\/gix-yawgmoth-praetor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Gix, Yawgmoth Praetor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whenever a creature deals combat damage to one of your opponents, its controller may pay 1 life. If they do, they draw a card.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">{4}{B}{B}{B}, Discard X cards: Exile the top X cards of target opponent&#8217;s library. You may play <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">lands and cast spells from among<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">any number of<\/mark><\/strong> cards exiled this way without paying their mana costs.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Finally, two cards allow a player to play two or more additional lands without saying \u201cup to.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/CHK\/en-us\/201\/azusa-lost-but-seeking\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Azusa, Lost but Seeking<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You may play <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">up to<\/mark><\/strong> two additional lands on each of your turns.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/ZNR\/en-us\/151\/nahiris-lithoforming\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Nahiri&#8217;s Lithoforming<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sacrifice X lands. For each land sacrificed this way, draw a card. You may play <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">up to<\/mark><\/strong> X additional lands this turn. Lands you control enter tapped this turn.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"secret-invasion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Secret Invasion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In my update bulletin, I discuss an <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/uub-msh\/#secret-invasion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">incorrect ruling<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSH\/en-us\/72\/secret-invasion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Secret Invasion<\/a>\u2019s Gatherer page. Namely, the ruling proclaims that the copy effect isn\u2019t created if <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSH\/en-us\/72\/secret-invasion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Secret Invasion<\/a> leaves the battlefield before its enters-the-battlefield ability resolves. This is as far from the actual outcome as possible: not only is the copy effect created, it lasts for the rest of the game.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is due to <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSH\/en-us\/72\/secret-invasion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Secret Invasion<\/a>\u2019s use of an \u201cuntil\u201d duration. Usually, such effects have a \u201cfor as long as\u201d duration which is governed by rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6112b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">611.2b<\/a>: essentially, the game state has to match the specified condition for the effect to be created, and it has to continually match that condition for the effect to last. \u201cUntil\u201d durations (other than \u201cuntil end of turn\u201d) don\u2019t follow special rules, so the effect is always created and lasts until the specified event occurs; if that event happens to be impossible, the effect lasts until the end of the game.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While this outcome is immediately clear from the Comprehensive Rules, it\u2019s not intuitive and it\u2019s inconsistent with the vast majority of cards, so an erratum for <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSH\/en-us\/72\/secret-invasion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Secret Invasion<\/a>\u2019s Oracle text seems like a good choice. And for once, the erratum is as easy as one might think from reading this text: replace the \u201cuntil\u201d duration with a \u201cfor as long as\u201d duration, and all the benefits of rule <a href=\"https:\/\/yawgatog.com\/resources\/magic-rules\/#R6112b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">611.2b<\/a> apply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enchant creature you control<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When this Aura enters, exile up to one target creature other than enchanted creature until this Aura leaves the battlefield. Enchanted creature becomes a copy of that creature <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">until<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">for as long as<\/mark><\/strong> this Aura <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">leaves<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">remains on<\/mark><\/strong> the battlefield.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enchanted creature has ward {2}.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Of course, there exist a handful of other cards that have the same issue, so why not standardize their functionality and align them with people\u2019s intuition?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/1E\/en-us\/0\/gaeas-liege\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Gaea&#8217;s Liege<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As long as Gaea&#8217;s Liege isn&#8217;t attacking, its power and toughness are each equal to the number of Forests you control. As long as Gaea&#8217;s Liege is attacking, its power and toughness are each equal to the number of Forests defending player controls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">{T}: Target land becomes a Forest <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">until<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">for as long as<\/mark><\/strong> this creature <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">leaves<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">remains on<\/mark><\/strong> the battlefield.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/OD\/en-us\/24\/graceful-antelope\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Graceful Antelope<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Plainswalk <em>(This creature can&#8217;t be blocked as long as defending player controls a Plains.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whenever this creature deals combat damage to a player, you may have target land become a Plains <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">until<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">for as long as<\/mark><\/strong> this creature <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">leaves<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">remains on<\/mark><\/strong> the battlefield.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/UST\/en-us\/67\/sly-spy-c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Sly Spy (c)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whenever this creature deals combat damage to a player, that player loses a finger <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">until<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">for as long as<\/mark><\/strong> this creature <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">leaves<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">remains on<\/mark><\/strong> the battlefield. <em>(The finger is chosen by its owner and can&#8217;t roll dice or touch cards.)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/UNA\/en-us\/145\/killer-cosplay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Killer Cosplay<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whenever this Equipment becomes attached to a creature, choose a creature card name with an identical mana cost. That creature becomes a copy of the card with the chosen name <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">until<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">for as long as<\/mark><\/strong> this Equipment <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">becomes unattached from<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">remains attached to<\/mark><\/strong> it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Equip {3}<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"miscellaneous-oracle-texts\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Miscellaneous Oracle texts<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following issues don\u2019t appear in my update bulletin because they don\u2019t feel \u201cbig enough\u201d for true issues; let\u2019s call them \u201cpersonal issues.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"ms-marvel-kamala-khan\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ms. Marvel, Kamala Khan<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a creature gains an ability that sets its base power and\/or toughness, the standard template doesn\u2019t use the word \u201cbase.\u201d (See <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/RAV\/en-us\/283\/svogthos-the-restless-tomb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Svogthos, the Restless Tomb<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/SOM\/en-us\/141\/chimeric-mass\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Chimeric Mass<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/DTK\/en-us\/26\/myth-realized\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Myth Realized<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/AFR\/en-us\/180\/druid-class\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Druid Class<\/a>.) <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSH\/en-us\/67\/ms-marvel-kamala-khan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Ms. Marvel, Kamala Khan<\/a> doesn\u2019t match that template.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vigilance, reach<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You have no maximum hand size.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Embiggen Fist<\/em> &#8211; Whenever you cast a spell that targets a creature you control, draw a card. Until end of turn, Ms. Marvel gains &#8220;Ms. Marvel&#8217;s <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">base<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> power is equal to the number of cards in your hand.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"when-you-pay-this-cost-one-or-more-times\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201cWhen you pay this cost one or more times\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSH\/en-us\/130\/hawkeye-master-marksman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Hawkeye, Master Marksman<\/a> introduces a shorter trigger event for reflexive triggered abilities that trigger when a player pays a cost one or more times. The six existing cards that feature such reflexive triggered abilities could benefit from shorter rules text.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First are the five Adversaries: <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MID\/en-us\/25\/intrepid-adversary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Intrepid Adversary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MID\/en-us\/77\/spectral-adversary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Spectral Adversary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MID\/en-us\/124\/tainted-adversary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Tainted Adversary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MID\/en-us\/129\/bloodthirsty-adversary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Bloodthirsty Adversary<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MID\/en-us\/194\/primal-adversary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Primal Adversary<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MID\/en-us\/194\/primal-adversary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Primal Adversary<\/a>\u2019s new text is seen below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trample<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When this creature enters, you may pay {1}{G} any number of times. When you <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">pay this cost one or more times<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">do<\/mark><\/strong>, put that many +1\/+1 counters on this creature, then up to that many target lands you control become 3\/3 Wolf creatures with haste that are still lands.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Second is <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MAT\/en-us\/24\/tranquil-frillback\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Tranquil Frillback<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When this creature enters, you may pay {G} up to three times. When you <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">pay this cost one or more times<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">do<\/mark><\/strong>, choose up to that many &#8211;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">* Destroy target artifact or enchantment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">* Exile target player&#8217;s graveyard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">* You gain 4 life.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"moon-girl-and-devil-dinosaur\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Moon Girl and Devil Dinosaur<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the effect of a resolving spell or ability sets a creature\u2019s base power and toughness to a predefined size, the standard template is \u201c[that creature] has base power and toughness X\/Y\u201d; \u201cbecome\u201d is used only in combination with a type-changing effect (\u201cbecomes a Hero with base power and toughness 1\/1\u201d) or for an optional effect (\u201cyou may have this creature\u2019s base power and toughness become 1\/1\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The effect of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSH\/en-us\/223\/moon-girl-and-devil-dinosaur\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Moon Girl and Devil Dinosaur<\/a>\u2019s first ability doesn\u2019t belong to those exceptions, so the standard template should be used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whenever you draw your second card each turn, until end of turn, Moon Girl and Devil Dinosaur<strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&#8216;s<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">have<\/mark><\/strong> base power and toughness <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">become<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> 6\/6 and <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">they<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> gain trample.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whenever an artifact you control enters, draw a card. This ability triggers only once each turn.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"cosmic-crucible\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cosmic Crucible<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The effect of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/79\/cosmic-crucible\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Cosmic Crucible<\/a>\u2019s second ability consists of two optional instructions, and that ability also has the instruction \u201cDo this only once each turn.\u201d Does this mean \u201ccopy only once each turn\u201d or does this mean \u201ccopy <em>and choose<\/em> only once each turn\u201d (but \u201ccopy without choose\u201d is unlimited)?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I think that <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/SPM\/en-us\/93\/spider-verse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Spider-Verse<\/a>\u2019s text does a better job in that regard and <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/79\/cosmic-crucible\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Cosmic Crucible<\/a>\u2019s text should be changed accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the beginning of your first main phase, add four mana in any combination of colors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whenever you cast a noncreature spell, you may copy it. <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">You<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">If you do, you<\/mark><\/strong> may choose new targets for the copy. Do this only once each turn. <em>(A copy of a permanent spell becomes a token.)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"doombot-harbinger\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Doombot Harbinger<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/655\/doombot-harbinger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Doombot Harbinger<\/a>\u2019s dies triggered ability uses two different self-references in one sentence, which doesn\u2019t read great.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThis card\u201d accurately describes the object and provides a hint that a token copy of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/655\/doombot-harbinger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Doombot Harbinger<\/a> can\u2019t be exiled; still, the standard template for such abilities is \u201cwhen this creature dies, [you may] exile it.\u201d (See <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TMT\/en-us\/70\/paramecia-coloniex\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Paramecia Coloniex<\/a> for a recent example.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apart from <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/655\/doombot-harbinger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Doombot Harbinger<\/a>, the list of cards that deviate from this template consists of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/SOM\/en-us\/175\/mimic-vat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Mimic Vat<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TLE\/en-us\/95\/princess-yue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Princess Yue<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TLE\/en-us\/115\/fang-rokus-companion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Fang, Roku\u2019s Companion<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TMC\/en-us\/124\/michelangelo-on-the-scene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Michelangelo, On the Scene<\/a>. Apart from <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/SOM\/en-us\/175\/mimic-vat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Mimic Vat<\/a>, whose use of \u201cthat card\u201d is defendable given the follow-up instructions, those cards are less than a year old, so this may be a new trend. <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TLE\/en-us\/95\/princess-yue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Princess Yue<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TLE\/en-us\/115\/fang-rokus-companion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Fang<\/a> have an intervening \u201cif\u201d but there are plenty of counterexamples, and <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TMC\/en-us\/124\/michelangelo-on-the-scene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Michelangelo<\/a> has no excuse at all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/655\/doombot-harbinger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Doombot Harbinger<\/a>\u2019s new text:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Flying<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When this creature enters, you may mill four cards. <em>(You may put the top four cards of your library into your graveyard.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When this creature dies, you may exile <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">this card<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">it<\/mark><\/strong>. When you do, return target creature card from your graveyard to your hand.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TLE\/en-us\/95\/princess-yue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Princess Yue<\/a>\u2019s new text:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When Princess Yue dies, if she was a nonland creature, return <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">this card<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">her<\/mark><\/strong> to the battlefield tapped under your control. She&#8217;s a land named Moon. She gains &#8220;{T}: Add {C}.&#8221; <em>(She&#8217;s still legendary.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">{T}: Scry 2.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TLE\/en-us\/115\/fang-rokus-companion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Fang, Roku&#8217;s Companion<\/a>\u2019s new text:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Flying<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whenever Fang attacks, another target legendary creature you control gets +X\/+0 until end of turn, where X is Fang&#8217;s power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When Fang dies, if he wasn&#8217;t a Spirit, return <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">this card<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">him<\/mark><\/strong> to the battlefield under your control. He&#8217;s a Spirit in addition to his other types.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/TMC\/en-us\/124\/michelangelo-on-the-scene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Michelangelo, On the Scene<\/a>\u2019s new text:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trample <em>(This creature can deal excess combat damage to the player it&#8217;s attacking.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Michelangelo enters with a +1\/+1 counter on him for each land you control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When Michelangelo dies, return <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">this card<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">him<\/mark><\/strong> to your hand.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"hulks-thunderclap\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hulk&#8217;s Thunderclap<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a spell has an additional cost of beholding an object, the standard template for checking whether that cost was paid is \u201cif a [something] was beheld.\u201d (See <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/600\/hyperions-atomic-vision\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Hyperion&#8217;s Atomic Vision<\/a> from this release.) <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/725\/hulks-thunderclap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Hulk&#8217;s Thunderclap<\/a> uses \u201cif this spell&#8217;s additional cost was paid\u201d instead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The only prior card that uses that wording is <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/ECL\/en-us\/170\/celestial-reunion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Celestial Reunion<\/a>. There it seems justified, since that cost consists of two parts: choosing a creature type and beholding two creature objects of that type. In the case of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/725\/hulks-thunderclap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Hulk&#8217;s Thunderclap<\/a>, the additional cost is just beholding a Gamma creature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Both cards also require the beheld objects to have the creature card type. Again, <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/ECL\/en-us\/170\/celestial-reunion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Celestial Reunion<\/a> justifies this with the connected cost of choosing a creature type and the resulting requirements for its text. In the case of <a href=\"https:\/\/gatherer.wizards.com\/MSC\/en-us\/725\/hulks-thunderclap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Hulk&#8217;s Thunderclap<\/a>, there is no apparent reason why it uses \u201cGamma creature\u201d instead of \u201cGamma.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(Maybe \u201cgamma\u201d isn\u2019t the species of Hulk et al. and more of a modifier for the actual species. (Which one though?) In that case, \u201cgamma\u201d would be more of an adjective and the phrase \u201cbehold a gamma\u201d would be incomplete. Unfortunately, Wizards of the Coast do next to nothing to help <em>Magic<\/em> fans learn about unfamiliar <em>Universes Beyond<\/em> IPs; as a result, this riddle must remain unanswered, since the rich Marvel lore woven into this release is clearly not meant for me.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Changing \u201cbehold a Gamma creature\u201d to \u201cbehold a Gamma\u201d would be a functional change, but the check for the paid cost can be standardized without a problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As an additional cost to cast this spell, you may behold a Gamma creature. <em>(You may choose a Gamma creature you control or reveal a Gamma creature card from your hand.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Target creature you control deals damage equal to its power to another target creature. If <strong><s><mark style=\"color:#8b0000\" class=\"has-inline-color\">this spell&#8217;s additional cost was paid<\/mark><\/s><\/strong> <strong><mark style=\"background-color:#006400\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">a Gamma creature was beheld<\/mark><\/strong>, destroy target noncreature artifact or noncreature enchantment.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Suggestions for fixing (most of) the shortcomings of the Comprehensive Rules and Oracle updates released for Magic: The Gathering | Marvel Super Heroes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":479,"featured_media":2398,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"language":[3],"class_list":["post-2637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-potential-rules-amendments","language-en_us"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/479"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2637"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2637\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2669,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2637\/revisions\/2669"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2398"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2637"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.magicjudges.org\/nametherule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=2637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}