Sturmgeist has three abilities: flying; a characteristic-defining ability that sets its base power and toughness; and a triggered ability that makes you draw a card when it deals combat damage to a player.
In the combat damage step, it is important to note that abilities that trigger from combat damage being dealt will go on the stack after combat damage has been dealt. This means that you won’t draw a card and the Sturmgeist won’t get bigger until after it has dealt combat damage. For example, if you have two cards in hand, it would deal two damage to an opponent, then you will draw a card and it will become a 3/3.
This can obviously be a bit different if we add a few more details. If the Sturmgeist is given double strike, it will deal first strike damage, and assuming it damages a player, you will draw a card. Then when it deals ‘normal’ damage, it will deal one more point of damage than it did in the first combat damage step. Something similar can happen if it untaps and you gain an additional combat step.